Technology Plays Important Role Our Life

Technology plays an important role human’s life and also has developed day by day. Nowadays, the new advanced technology has brought innovations today’s workplaces that has changed working habits and business. However, before most tasks were done by manual labour but now even difficult tasks can be done by modern technology. This essay will explain possible negative and positive effects of technology on the workplace, focusing on de-skilling and requirements of high skills. The new technology which has replaced employees, has increased de-skilling. This means to reduce the need for skill in a job by changing to technology. Robert (2004) points out that employees do not need many experience or ability to work most jobs. Because the new technology could do most tasks instead of them. This may lead to negatively affect employees’ working life. Robert (2004) states that for example, new electronic cash registers which can do nearly everything for customers and clerks such as calculating the cost, reading laser codes so clerks do not need high mathematical skills or experience. He further adds that they just need to know how to swap an item over a red light and put in a shopping bag. Consequently, Robert (2004) asserts that employers might save money by investment in technology as they may reduce employees’ salaries to use new advantages of technology rather than people’s skills. This fact may positive impact on employers. A requirement of high skills has become more important today’s business. The reason of this ever-changing technology, spread of globalization and also the extensive information technology which have provided by internet. This may increase positively the need higher-skilled employees (Herman, 2004). He also points out that in the past, workers did not need high skills. Because typing, manual dexterity, physical strength were enough for the standing of living. However, these days, high skill has required by employers such as advanced written, spoken and mathematical skills as well managing and supervising skills (Herman, 2004). This requirement might result in employees positive or negative. Because it depends on whether they improve their skills. In conclusion, technology continues to develop day by day, In addition to this, working habits and requirements have changed today’s workplace with technology. On the other hand, developing technology has encouraged employees to update their skills. Consequently, employers and employees should follow the technology to improve skills and business.

Pakistan Earthquake

On October 8, 2005 the history of Pakistan turned a new page when a massive earthquake hit the northern part of the country. It was said to be the most powerful quake in the last 100 years. It had a magnitude of 7. 6 and was accompanied by more than 60 aftershocks. It killed and injured more than thousands of people and caused massive destruction in the northern part. It was early in the morning when the earth shattering quake jolted the residents out of their beds. Those who were already up and about ready to go, or were at work and school rushed out of their buildings into the open air as the earth shook violently beneath them. They started praying. Still many were trapped as the buildings come down on them. Most of the students lost their lives, as they were completely unaware that they would be buried alive under the ruins of their school building. My family and I had moved to Islamabad (northern part of the country) just two days ago. Our part of the city was not as affected compared to the other parts and because of that we felt lucky. The Margalla Towers, an apartment complex collapsed and killed most of the residents living there. Many of our relatives and family friends lived in that area. Mom tried to call them but the communication systems were disrupted by the quake. This added to the anxiety of the people who could not call their relatives in the affected areas. Many of them were injured and lost most of their family members to the quake. However the most disturbing news was that my aunt lost her husband and her six months old son. The quake affected millions of people directly and indirectly. The official death toll was 87,000 and more than 100,000 people were injured. Many dead bodies were pulled, from the rubble with missing limbs or completely crushed by the rescue teams. But also there had been a handful of incredible stories of survival. Rescue teams worked against insurmountable odd, and succeeded in pulling victims alive from the rubble. A six year old boy became one of the last to be pulled alive from the earthquake’s devastation. After 200 hours, Ahmad had remained conscious but trapped eneath the layers of rubble, which was all that remained of his family’s apartment. â€Å"I was playing with my truck, then I fell†, he said, recounting what had happened. The rest of the family was not as lucky. There were other amazing stories, a ninety year old woman was found alive while other members of her family were lying dead around her, with exception of her three year old grandson. She was left to raise him at this old age. A mother was recovered de ad and she was shielding two children under her. One had died but the other lived. The quake affected millions of people, ordinary people come in thousands to help in relief efforts. Volunteers answered the calls for blood donations and brought food, water and other goods for the victims. Muzaffarabad and its surrounding areas were badly affected. Most of the villages were completely wiped out, and roads were blocked by heavy rocks from the Himalaya Mountains. The Pakistan Air Force helicopters that were well equipped to perform relief activities waved their way through the mountains and flew over the affected areas. But landing in some areas was impossible. The clock ticked by, and despite the hard work of the rescue teams, many bodies were trapped inside the heavy rubble, with an acute smell of human flesh coming from them. Nature continued to be needlessly cruel. There was rain and hail, many people without shelter died. In less than two months, the Himalaya Mountains got their first snowfall and the temperature was below zero. Aid came from around the world. But still it’s too little and often the wrong kind. There were not enough tents, blankets and warm clothe to go around. Hundreds of tents had been provided but thousands of families remain out under the sky. They face rain and hail with dread in their hearts. They have lost everything even their hope to live. Imagine yourself buried under the heavy rubble alive, with no food, no water and constantly bleeding and weighting for your only killer†¦ â€Å"time†. The devastating earthquake shocked the nation, but brought out the best as they rose up to the occasion to help the victims.

High School and Cousin Jimmy Essay

The day I got scared to death was my first time going to Cedar Point and going on a really big roller coaster. I was nervous. I was in the line with my cousin Jimmy and my other cousins to go on the corkscrew. My stomach started the turn I started to shake my mind was saying get out of the line but I wanted to go on my whole life. I had to go on with my cousins Michael and Jimmy instead of Olivia or Rebekah. Michael, Jimmy and I were only two people away from getting on. Then Jimmy said,† I was afraid when I went on my first roller coaster too. † Michael said,† no you weren’t† that made me laugh. That made me think that it isn’t so scary after all. Just then I heard someone say that it’s too scary. That made me wish that I never wanted to go on. We’re up next. I got in the seat with Jimmy I thought I was going to puke. At this time I was excited and scared. The seatbelt was on; there was no turning back now. The person pushed the button and we went up the very steep hill. We stopped at the top. My eyes were completely closed. My heart was pounding faster and faster. I knew my cousins in front of me so I said to them, â€Å"are you scared? † I didn’t get to hear them because by then we zipped down the coaster. I was screaming so loud I thought I was going to lose my voice. I got dizzy when we went around in circles three times. Finally the ride came to a halt. I felt relieved that it was over. I said to my self that I conquered my fear. I was happy that it was done. I still felt sick but I knew that I could do it all along. At that point I found out that my cousins also scared too! Now I can’t wait to go on the Gemini, Top Thrill Dragster, the Dragon, and the Mine Ride. I still think my cousin acted a little bit too young for their age because a high school student shouldn’t be screaming at the top of their lungs same goes with my other cousin who was in high school. Only a middle school students and third graders should scream. View as multi-pages TOPICS IN THIS DOCUMENT High school, Middle school, Cedar Point, Top Thrill Dragster, Roller coaster, English-language films, College, Debut albums RELATED DOCUMENTS high school †¦ reservation community I passed two Navajo youth leaning against the wall, one leg propped behind them for support. They wore black tee-shirts, one declaring â€Å"Indian Pride on the Rise,† the other showing a heavy metal rock group â€Å"Twisted Sister. † Both wore high topped basketball shoes and hair free flowing to their shoulders. One spoke to me. â€Å"Hey, are you the lady who is talking to dropouts? You should talk to me. I’m a professional dropout. † I did. And to many others. Their†¦ 410   Words | 3   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Philippine Science High School †¦? Philippine Science High School (PSHS) students topped the Project Tuklas science contest sponsored by Pilipinas Shell Petroleum Corporation (Shell) in coordination with the Philippine Development Foundation (PhilDev) and AIESEC Philippines. â€Å"It’s something very innovative,† said Julia Alexander Chu, president of Project Tuklas organizer AIESEC University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman, referring to the project of PSHS juniors Creo Baylon, Miguel Ortega and Otto†¦ 410   Words | 6   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT High School Football †¦? Coleman Weiss-Murphy Ms. Bross English 10, Hour 4 May 4, 2015 High School Football – Reduce the Risk and Reap the Rewards? September 13, 2013,   was sixteen year old Damon Janes’ last football game. Why, because he was pronounced dead in a local Buffalo hospital three days after that game. His cause of death, brain damage. Janes took numerous hits to the head during a varsity football game. He seemed perfectly healthy, but in actuality, he suffered brain†¦ 410   Words | 5   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Report: High School and Attendance †¦ Improving Attendance at Beech Grove Intermediate School: A Recommendation Report ________________________________________ Introduction Like other schools around the nation, Beech Grove Intermediate School is experiencing a serious problem with attendance. This has been cited as a problem and something that†¦ 410   Words. READ FULL DOCUMENT Successful: High School and People †¦? Tamera Wilson Mrs. Jenkins English IV/0091 College Prep 24 February 2014 SUCCESSFUL My standards are set high as I watch people try to bring me down each and every day. They try to tell me all the negatives things on how I’m not going to be anything. This makes me want to try harder. All my life I been struggling and stressing, that’s why I came in a pathway with aggression. Where I’m from I see nothing that can lead me to be successful in life. I had been though the†¦ 410   Words | 3   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT. Post high school plan †¦ coach your team to do the same. 4. Conflicting Goals Sometimes we have conflicting goals in our work. For instance, one of our managers might tell us that speed is most important goal with customers. Another manager might say that in-depth, high-quality service is the top priority. It’s sometimes quite difficult to reconcile the two! Whenever you set goals for your team members, make sure that those goals don’t conflict with other goals set for that person, or set†¦ 410   Words | 7   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Essays: High School †¦ what da hell let me sign up man I just want essays. Rainy day This year the summer season was unduly long and extremely hot. It was July, the schools had reopened. The scorching sun and the extreme heat had made life unbearable. Going to the school, studying in the class or playing on the ground all seemed to be a punishment. One morning, clouds . Rain is a great blessing after the summer heat. In India the scorching heat of the summer months of May and June causes†¦ 410   Words | 4   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT First day of high school essay †¦ My First Day of High School â€Å"Beep, Beep, Beep! † 6:00 A. M my alarm clock was activated, it was time for me to get ready and prepared myself for my first day of High School as a freshman student in Piscataway Vo – Tech High School. Fear, excitement, and all of these different emotions were running through my head as I wondered how difficult high school would be, who I would sit†¦ 410   Words | 3   Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT CITE THIS DOCUMENT APA (2014, 09). High School and Cousin Jimmy.

Photographic Portrait Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

Photographic Portrait - Coursework Example For this he sought a means by which he could generate his work easily through automated image making. Today Photography is a combination of reportage and art. The photographer acts a as manipulator of his subject. He is the creator of his masterpiece unconventional or conventional. It is his knowledge of his equipment his art, his opinion and familiarization of his subject that he can produce and bring forward the unique masterpiece for people to analyze and be mesmerized with. He tells a story through his perspective, his lens. The subject is in the hands of the photographer and it is for him to pull the strings and get the subject do what the photographer wants and produce reactions that the photographer needs. Portrait means painted, drawn, or carved picture of something or a representation of a person especially of face drawn, painted or sculptured. It is also defined as the description or dramatic portrayal of a person. "Portraiture means individualism and as such means diversity, self-expression, and private point of view. The most successful images seem to be those which exist on several planes at once and which reflect the fantasy and understanding of many." Portraiture held different meaning for different times. The oncoming of the twentieth century did away with the carefully poised photographs. The techniques modernized as well as with the subjects the themes as well the photographers. Of the twentieth century the most notable photographers are Annie Leibovitz and Richard Avedon. While Leibovitz style is witty and captures the imagination of the onlookers Avedon's is in contrast captivating with his style of portraying his subjects as edgy. Leibovitz familiarization of her subjects makes them feel easy with her whereas Avedon creates his pictures by making his subjects it in front of the camera and then when they are at ease he shoots. In the 19th century the most popular was miniature portrait which was soon replaced by photography. The first portrait photographers had to compete with the painters so had more of the painter touch to their work. Photography compositions changed in accordance to the period in which they were taken as were themes and subjects. Objective/Aim To study and analyze the theory of photographic portrait and the photographers involved. Learning about the history of photographic portrait and how it evolved during the passage of time. 1- understanding theory of photographic portrait (both historical background and contemporary practices); 2- study portrait work of 2 photographers Avedon and Leibovitz Photographic portraiture: Photographic portraiture has much more to it than just taking a picture and making films. Various tools are incorporated in the process of making a photographic portrait. The goal is always to create something unique. It brings out what is not apparent to the naked eye and instead of capturing the superficial it captures life, personality, mood, relationships etc. A successful photographic portrait is one in which the photographer and the subject both work together in order to obtain perfection. As it aims to bring out the personality hence the subject must be careful about the

Strategic Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Strategic Management - Assignment Example So by the time the other European retail giants realized the real benefit associated with international diversification, Tesco has already established in more than 6 international markets. Diversification itself did not stop the very problem for which Tesco decided diversify in the first place itself. The problem is depleting revenue margin in almost 70% of the international markets where Tesco has operational base. Tesco realized that the mere diversification is not going to solve the problem of decreasing level of profits from the international markets (Collinson, 1999). It quickly came up with the idea to form strategic alliance with retail giants in the international markets like Asia. Asian countries like India and China represents an untapped market segment. It is known that the propensity to buy in China is the highest among the Asian countries. Tesco realized that without the help of any local partner, it will not be able to gain the knowledge about the local demographics of these regions. Tesco’s main aim is to use the knowledge of the local demographics to improve its customer relations with the customers. The local retailers have enormous knowledge about the demographic characteristics of the land. Tesco will benefit by utilizing the knowledge of the local retailers. 2.0The benefits arising out of the international strategic alliance 2.1Supply and distribution channel Presently there are more than 3000 local retailers in China. The local retailers range from medium to small scale enterprises. Apart from these there are about 5 big retailers who have considerable influence over the local markets. Through the use of these local retailers Tesco can gain an upper hand in the supply and the distribution channel. Tesco can use the supply and distribution chgannel of the local retailers to procure the raw materials and supply the products. This leads to cost cutting (Soh P. H., 2003). If Tesco is not utilizing the supply and distribution networks of the local retailers then it will take months before Tesco can finally realize what works and what does not work in the supply and distribution channel. 2.2 Launch of products under own brand name The local retailers have set up outlets in the posh areas where the buying propensity of the local people is comparatively more than the other regions. The strategic alliance equips Tesco with the ability to utilize the same outlet to sell the Tesco products or can even partner up with the local retailers to sell combined products. Tesco can also set up its own outlet and sell the Tesco brand products or the local products. In United Kingdom Tesco is a home grown brand where the people have some perception of the brand value. So when new products are launched under the brand name Tesco, customers can easily identify the products with the brand image of Tesco. While in Asian countries the scenario is a bit different. The customers don’t a have very strong perception about the brand Te sco (Youssef and Hansen, 1994). If Tesco decides to produce and sell products under its own brand name, it is not known for sure, what the results might be. Through strategic alliance

The Possible Product and Service of Zappos com Case Study

The Possible Product and Service of Zappos com - Case Study Example It is essential to determine that such a strategy in any way contributed to the success in shoes or whether it would be able to replicate the success in other product lines. It is also fundamental to determine how the company could scale the business with revenues of tens of billions. Moreover, the major effort of the company was to â€Å"wow† its customers by providing with maximum customer satisfaction. The market faced a hard situation as the economic scenario varied dramatically in late 2008, together with financial market collapsing and recession. Unlike the other many websites selling at the lower price during the period, the service-intensive company’s business was based on sales at the little discount or no discount. Evaluating the competencies o the organization would enable us to understand the chain issues and other critical elements to company’s success. Zappos always strives to foster a culture that understands the impact of working capital on the profitability of the firm. The process of decision making and the daily activities of the firm must be carried out on the basis of working capital management analysis. The company manages the decision making through a cross-functional communication system. The decision making is used to drive and maximize the working capital performance of the firm. Zappos.com also has already developed a training program to impart working capital management principles into practice. The management team utilizes the decision-making process to integrate capital management into the fabric of organizational culture. In the same way, the process of decision making in the routine activities reveals the glowing significance of cash management. It helps the management in all forms of risk management within the firm. The organization takes record of the important decision and measures taken by the management team.  

Older people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Older people - Essay Example Decisions in providing care in an abused elderly are often based on the principles of autonomy and beneficence – what the client wants and what will promote good care. Based on autonomy, abused clients have the right to respect, informed consent, and self-determination. If a competent abused client decides not to do anything about the situation, client’s decision must be upheld. On the other hand, healthcare professionals are put into a dilemma where beneficence, in an abusive situation, is needed. Healthcare professionals’ follows the principle of doing good and preventing evil harm thus, weighing between the ethical principles of autonomy and beneficence puts care interventions into a dilemma. Legal interventions and criminal charges also apply to an abusive situation. The Charter of Residents Rights and Responsibilities under the Aged Care Act of 1997 explicitly states that â€Å"people living in aged care homes in Australia have the right to be treated with dignity and respect, and to live without exploitation, abuse or neglect†. Physical, sexual, and financial abuse is very obvious and that abuse can be reported promptly while psychological abuse and neglect are less easily determined. Verifications from a multidisciplinary team or a health professional are needed to prove psychological abuse or neglect. Legal interventions could involve revoking power of attorney arrangements, taking out a domestic violence order, or having the perpetrator evicted from the older person’s premises.  ... Specific factors identified are fast history of a fall, age, female gender, lower extremity weakness, balance problems, low levels of physical activity, cognitive impairment, psychotropic drug use and polypharmacy, chronic medical problems (stroke, arthritis, Parkinson’s Disease), sensory loss, orthostatic hypotension, acute health problems (pneumonia, urinary tract infections), dizziness, diabetes, depression, and incontinence (Nay, 2009, p. 192). Incidence The incidence of falls increases with age and varies according to residential location. Falls are more common in residential aged care facilities where 30-60% cases of falls were reported in 12 months than in hospitals with 17 falls out of 1000 bed days (Nay, 2009, p. 190). In Australia, for the year 2005-2006, the estimated number of hospitalized injury cases due to falls in people aged 65 years and over was 66, 800 – a rise of 10% since 2003-2004. Half of all fall injury cases for people aged 65 years and older oc cur from home (Byrne, 2010, p. 141). Falls are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among older people. In community-dwelling older people, 5-10% of falls result in major injuries such as fractures, head trauma, and major lacerations. In residential aged care facilities, major injuries range from 10-30%. Falls have also been identified as a contributory risk factor in 40% of residential aged care admissions (Nay, 2009, p. 192). Implications for Practice The increase in the incidence of falls among acute care facilities and residential aged care facilities seems to be alarming. High incidence of falls among older people implies that an enormous amount of effort must be put in prevention interventions and programs for falls. A review to assess the effectiveness of current prevention

Clear and Simple as the Truth in Dressing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Clear and Simple as the Truth in Dressing - Essay Example Meaning (p.59) that writing is thinking about the paper and thought is writing on the mind.   Before the ideology of the war tragedy come to be on the paper, it must be concrete in the writer’s mind, thus the time comes when the stylistic ability of the writer brings the war tragedy already written the mind to be as concrete as it should be. In what seems practical, thought proceeds speech, meaning that writing is not thinking, but rather the reverse is true. Keagan's war tragedy is written as a stylistic output of the written story in the mind of the writer that it becomes more concrete and tangible. Truly, a classic writer presents the concrete diamond and its aesthetic beauty as if both are visible, clear, and exact. Before the ideology of the war tragedy come to be on the paper, it must be concrete in the writer’s mind, thus the time comes when the stylistic ability of the writer brings the war tragedy already written the mind to be as concrete as it should be.

Research design and data analysis, discussions and recommendations Paper

Design and data analysis, discussions and recommendations - Research Paper Example Likewise, the findings indicate there is no significant difference between the customers’ rank and the dependent variables (food quality, hotel staff service quality, and room quality). Management should accept the two null hypothesis statements. 1. Ramada took several steps to define the research questions. First, the researchers focused on different services offered by the company. The first group of services focused on customer’s criticism of the menu variety. Next, the questions veered towards the customer’s valued received in exchange for the amount paid. Third, the question veered towards determining if the customers’ liked the service promptness. Fourth, the question zeroed in on Ramada’s service quality. Fifth, the service focused on the resort’s food quality. Last, the questions veered towards the beverage quality served in the Ramada resorts. Further, management has to answer some questions. The questions focused on the hiring of the right resort employees. Next, management had to answer questions pertaining to the enhancement of the current training of employees. Training is one of management’s secret ingredients to increasing the current and future customers’ loyalty. Management must answer queries in the area of increasing the current motivation practices. Motivation increases the customer’s eagerness to return to Reamada resorts. Management must ensure all questions are answered by espousing the importance of hiring and training employees who will pamper each clients from check-in to check-out. The process was appropriate. Focusing on hiring the best employees will ensure better customer service. Training the best employees will ensure higher quality service quality. Motivation will ensure employees will continue to excel in all their individual tasks and responsibilities. 2. The secondary data played a vital part in the exploring part of the research (Craig 25). The

Intoduce two organizations from United Nations Essay

Intoduce two organizations from United Nations - Essay Example The United Nation’s General Assembly is the main organization within the UN. The General Assembly is the primary organization for deliberation. This organization contains all of the nations that are a part of the United Nations. In terms of how frequently this organization meets, it’s noted that regular yearly sessions occur. Regarding hierarchy, â€Å"the organization elects a yearly president that oversees the presiding meetings† (Fasulo, p. 21). The annual meeting occurs over a two-week period. During this time all organizations are given an opportunity to address the assembly. The formal proceedings of this assembly feature an opening statement by the Secretary-General. This statement is followed by a statement from the president of the assembly. After lengthy debate and presentations occur the General Assembly will oftentimes vote on important issues. In terms of the voting structure, it’s necessary for two-thirds of the organization to vote and agree on an issue before it is enacted. There are a great amount of potential issues that could be considered at the General Assembly convention. Many of the predominant issues are human rights concerns. Another prominent United Nation’s organization is the Security Council. This organization’s primary responsibility is the establishment and maintenance of peace and security among countries. While the General Assembly has the power to pass security concerns, the Security Council is recognized as being the only organization that can pass biding regulations regard security concerns. While the General Assembly is composed of all nations that are members of the United Nations, the Security Council is restricted to certain nations. In these regards, â€Å"15 members are on the Security Council board, with five permanent members and ten non-permanent members† (Mesler, pg. 111). There are a number of elements related to this structure

The Greeks and gods Essay Example for Free

The Greeks and gods Essay The Greeks looked at their gods with attributes they only wished they could attain. They developed stories of extraordinary people that were the offspring of immortals such as Nymphs or gods like Hermes or Zeus. Most of these stories consisted of labors, quests, or bloody wars, where the heroes were at the epicenter of the tale. What made these heroes so great was not just the fact they had godly attributes or completed monumental tasks, but endured more tragedy or more bliss than any common Greek would undergo. One tale commonly told was that of a demigod named Achilles. His mother Thetis was a Sea Nymph, and his father was Peleus, was the king of the Myrmidons. Most stories of Achilles revolved around war, where either his gift was at his greatest or worst. Every Greek sought him for battle so his skills would tip the balance to their favor. No myth exemplified this more than that of the ten-year Trojan War. An excerpt from a translation written by Apollodorus that accounts this time state, â€Å"He also took Lesbos and Phocaea, then Colophon, and Smyrna, and Clazomenae, and Cyme; and afterwards Aegialus and Tenos, the so-called Hundred Cities; then, in order, Adramytium and Side; then Endium, and Linaeum, and Colone. He took also Hypoplacian Thebes and Lyrnessus, and further Antandrus, and many other cities. † (Frazer) By many accounts, you could argue that Achilles was the dealer of death and that he relished in every moment of his adventures. By his own words, this was not the case. For example, in the textbook the Classical Mythology it states, â€Å"The now dead Achilles laments, I should prefer as a slave to serve another man, even if he had no property and little to live on, than to rule all those dead who have done with life (Morford, Lenardon, Sham, 2011). Another hero that many spoke of during that day an age was Odysseus. He was a descendant of Hermes who became king of Ithaca. The real stories of Odysseus that Greeks and many others embrace were of the Trojan War and Homers poem the Odyssey. Some Greeks would argue Odysseus came second only to Achilles as a hero due the trials he endured. Odysseus’s story began at the start of the Trojan War where he stood and fought for ten years. After nine years of failure, Odysseus was enlightened by Athena to trick the Trojans and capture its city. He erected a symbol, he knew only the Trojans would accept and embrace. He hid the strongest Greeks inside a giant wooden horse who laid and waited until nightfall. Once inside impenetrable walls the Greeks were able to sake the city. Once war was all but over, Odysseus  sailed for home. â€Å"Come then, do as I say, let us all be won over; let us run away with our ships to the beloved land of our fathers since no longer now shall we capture Troy of the wide ways. † (Lattimore, 1999) During this voyage, he encountered a man eating Cyclops named Polyphemus who he ended up blinding to escape. Unbeknownst to him Polyphemus was the son of Poseidon, god of the sea, who became enraged. The consequences of these actions did not lead him home to his kingdom and beloved wife, but astray for another ten years of wars and adventures. The one hero that endured more pain and suffering than any other was Heracles. He was the bastard son of the god Zeus and a beautiful Greek woman named Alcmena. Hera, the wife of Zeus, always showed distain for Zeus’s infidelities, yet took a close personal interest in Heracles. There are several instances where she intervened to cause him great tragedy. First, she tried to stop his birth. This was only overcome by tricking Ilithyia, the goddess of birth, who Hera had sent. Months after that Hera sent serpents to his cradle, but he grabbed them by the neck shacking them as if they were just one of his toys. The next obstacle came when he was a man after he was to wed the King Creon’s daughter, Megara. Seeing that Heracles had found his piece of happiness with his new wife and daughters Hera drove Heracles mad. In his fit of rage, he killed them. Overwhelmed with grief Heracles searched for a way of redemption. He came across the King of Tiryns, Eurystheus, who told him the only way he could cleanse his soul was to endure 12 impossible labors. One of his labours was to kill the Nemian lion, which was ironic. â€Å"The Nemeian Lion whom Hera, the queenly wife of Zeus, trained up and settled among the hills of Nemeia, to be a plague to mankind. There he preyed upon the tribes of the indwelling people, and was as a king over Tretos and Apesas and Nemeia. Nevertheless, the force of strong Heracles subdued him (Evelyn-White, 1914). After completing the 12 labours, Heracles enjoyed many adventures. He saved Olympus from the Gigantes and assisted in conquering Troy. For a moment, life for him was peaceful until Hera drove him mad again. During that fit of rage, he threw his closest friend Iphitus over a wall to his death. After this tragedy, Heracles knew he would have to cleanse his soul again. Queen Omphale offered him a choice. A task that would require him to endure one of the worst shames a man could. Her proposal was for him to wear women’s clothing and conduct the tasks as one of her female servants. For the next three years, Heracles completed his servitude in shame without ever being honored for any of his previous glories. In conclusion, all these heroes had godly attributes which enabled them to complete monumental tasks, but at the same time endure more tragedy or bliss than any common Greek would undergo. Achilles was a great warrior but found no peace with what he had accomplished in his life. Heracles also endured much strife and ended up dying a gruesome fate. On the other hand, Odysseus left his home, endured many obstacles, but returned from twenty years of servitude with rejoices from all of Greece. One common fact remains, despite each hero’s fate no Greek would endure so much, but could look to these myths as a testament to great achievements or failures. References: Frazer, J. G. (1921) Apollodorus, Epitome 3. 33. Retrieved from http://www. theoi. com/Text/ApollodorusE. html Morford, M,Lenardon, R, Sham, M, (2011) Greek Mytholodgy 9th Ed. Oxford University Press Lattimore, R (1999). The Odyssey of Homer. New York, NY: Harper Perennial Modern Classics. Evelyn-White, H. The Theogony of Hesiod. (1914). Retrieved from http://www. sacred-texts. com/cla/hesiod/theogony. htm

Design Methodology Essay Example for Free

Design Methodology Essay A design methodology is series of phases that guide a project lifecycle. Generally speaking there are an uncountable number of design methodologies, but the two most utilised are the predictive and the adaptive approach. The predicative approach assumes that a project can be planned in advance and the adaptive approach assumes the opposite. These design methodologies are also referred to as traditional or waterfall approach and spiral or iterative approach respectively. The phases involved generally fall into the categories of planning, analysis, design, implementation and support. Whether implementing the predictive or adaptive approach, each phase is an important step in the design methodology but can differ depending on the approach taken. Additional, depending on the design methodology implemented, the phases may not exist as separate entities and can be combined, split up or even removed all together. During the planning phase the problem and scope are defined, a work breakdown structure and schedule is developed, a feasibility study is undertaken, team members are assigned and official approval is sought for commencement. The analysis phase involves gathering information relevant to the scope of the problem, constructing models or prototypes to assist information gathering, defining the goals or requirements and assessing and prioritising those goals or requirements. Information gathering techniques involve interviews, observation, reviewing industry standards, questionnaires, joint application design (JAD) sessions and general research. The design phase includes designing and integrating the system controls, designing the system and designing the system interfaces. The implementation phase involves constructing the system, verifying and testing the system, data conversion, training users, documenting the system and installation of the system. Finally, the support phase encompasses maintenance of the system, improving the systems and providing continual support for users of the system. The traditional or waterfall approach follows a sequential set of phases that need to be complete in order, one after the other. In most cases the waterfall approach does not contain overlapping phases and each phase must be completed before beginning the next phase. On the other hand, the adaptive approach involves repeating phases and/or overlapping phases. Usually the phases are repeated in a looping or spiral fashion but can also follow the more traditional linear pattern with overlap or loopbacks to only a few of the phases. Design methodologies encompass not only how the project lifecycle is planned out but also the models, tools and techniques used to assist the project lifecycle. Models can include anything from diagrams and charts to real world representations and abstract representations. Tools range from simple programs to produce models to complex Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools. Finally, techniques consist of step-by-step instructions, guidelines or advice to assist the completion of the phases or the project lifecycle. Design methodologies are mostly notably applied to project management and technological industries such as software development. In project management, design methodologies allow projects to be directed to achieve the expected goals within the given constraints. Technological industries also follow a very similar approach to project management. Methodologies can also be applied to everyday tasks, especially within the area of business. In retail, staff are often given guidelines on how to deal with customer complaints. Most notably, ALARA involves the steps of acknowledge, listen, ask questions, recap and act. This is in essence a design methodology which begins with the planning phase (acknowledge), the analysis and design phase (listen and ask questions), the support phase (recap) and implementation phase (act).

Applied Behavioural Assessment Case Study

Applied Behavioural Assessment Case Study Sophia A. Johnson Abstract Behavioral assessment involves a variety of methods including direct observations, interviews, checklists, and tests to identify and define targets for behavior change. (Miltenberger, 2012) This assessment will utilize evidence based research to clearly identify target behaviors to assist our clients in implementing a successful intervention plan that is based on a behavior modification plan that objective, clearly defined, measurable and geared to the individual’s specific needs. We hypothesize that we will be able to reduce Emily’s refusal to attend school, her crying tantrums and head banging, as well as improve and increase Mr. Smith’s employee’s attendance and restore production to normalcy. Case #1 This case study examines why 6-year old Emily is exhibiting behavior issues. Recommended by her pediatric psychologist her parents want to understand this change in behavior that started when she started first grade. It appears that Emily’s reluctance to attend school which she claims is no longer fun, often results in her having screaming tantrums in which cries and bangs her head on the floor. Her parents also noted that she has not been able to sleep in her own bed and they must take her theirs in order for her to fall asleep, but even after falling asleep if they return her to her bed she will awake and cry and scream until her parents return her to their bed. Due to these outburst she is often allowed to remain home from school. Her parents are tired and frustrated and in need of answers for this behavior change and an intervention to return their household to normalcy. Emily’s teacher reports that on most occasions she is well behaving and her basic academic skills appear to be at grade level. It is hypothesized that Emily’s behavior maybe as a result of bullying and teasing, if we could get her to address her fears we will be able to reduce the screaming tantrums and fear of going to school and return her to the normal school environment. In communicating with Emily’s parents we were able to identify the target behavior that they would like addressed. Emily’s parents would like us to address her reluctance to attend school resulting in a screaming tantrums, which includes a loud piercing cry followed by her head repeatedly striking the floor. We believe this target behavior needs to be addressed because it poses a social significant health risk which may result in bodily injury for Emily. This behavior is also being targeted because it results in a â€Å"negative reinforcement by escape from a task† (Cooper, 2007, p. 49), this behavior is inadvertently being reinforced by her parent’s reluctance to upset her so they allow her to remain home. This cannot continue as it will also affect her academic and social interaction skills, there may also be financial ramifications if the parents are missing work or having to find a sitter to care for Emily while they go to work. It is hypothesized that Emily’s overall reluctance and tantruming would decrease and that, with time, we would see her willingly wanting to attend school and interacting with others more frequently, we expect to see a decrease in the number of tantrums and head banging’s. As part of the intervention technique we will be able to create a confident rapport with Emily, where she can share her fears and concerns regarding school. Based on the information shared we will be able to change the target behavior by helping Emily adapt to her school environment. We will carry out a functional assessment on Emily using direct observation both at her home and school to assess and gathering relevant data on the target behavior, such as duration and frequency and whether or not they are preceded by a visible antecedent. The behavior modification program that will be used is operant condition using positive reinforcement. Each day that Emily goes to school without a resulting tantrum she gets to do an activity of her choosing with the family when she gets home. If she has a tantrum and refuses to go to school she has to do one hour of reading. We will be tracking her progress using a excel spreadsheet after which we will chart and graph the results on a weekly basis and do a monthly assessment. The data gathered will be reported by her family and teachers, so as to get an accurate view of her overall behavior in both environment. We chose operant conditioning using positive reinforcement because, â€Å"operant conditioning is the means by which we use reinforcement or punishment to change one’s behavior and â€Å"the goal of behavior modification is to establish desirable new behaviors or skills†. (Miltenberger, 2012), in Emily’s case we hope to increase her desire to attend school by creating a positive experience and reduce her tantruming and head banging episodes by allowing her to use her words to express herself. Once per week on a Friday a visit will be made to Emily’s school and home to collect the charts, review any discrepancies and get a verbal feedback on Emily’s behavior. We will meet with Emily as well to learn how she is doing and assess if the behavior modification is having a positive outcome. The data is analyzed by gathering the number of refusal to attend school for the week, the number of tantruming and head bang, as well as any disruptive behavior in the classroom. We will be able to identify whether or not the intervention is successful if the data reveals a decrease such as only once per week does her parents have to keep her home for refusal to attend school or if they do not have to keep her home at all. Table 1.1 After a 3 month period a review of the behavior modification program will be assessed, if it is found to be unsuccessful or not progressing as expected, we will review the data to see if there are specific days when Emily exhibits continuous refusal to attend school, we could also assess the stimulus being used to reinforce the desired behavior, changes to the program will only help to benefit and address any future needs that may arise. If however, the program is successful and we are able to cause extinction of the behavior which is â€Å"the process by which a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed by the reinforcing consequences, and the frequency of the behavior decreases in the future (Miltenberger, 2012, p. 516), we could say the behavior modification intervention is successful, even if there is only a reduction in the number of refusal to attend school, or even a reduction of the need for positive reinforcements. The scientific method has guided this experiment by helping us to evaluate the data using frequency of measurement, resulting in accurate, reliable, and believable data to create an individualized assessment intervention plan. Case #2 Mr. Smith owns a manufacturing company which specializes in custom figure skates. He has 30 employees who has highly specialized training required for the production of these skates. Mr. Smith is concerned that over the last year his workforce seems to be suffering from a high percentage of absenteeism, which is having a negative effect on production and the health of the company. Prior to soliciting our help Mr. Smith has tried to address this behavior by offering breakfast which consists of coffee and donuts, he has also called a meeting and shared with them that the end result of continued absence will result in the company suffering a financial loss and closing. He noted that neither of these interventions has worked and seem to only increase the problem. In the case of Mr. Smith the target behavior being identified is the consistent absenteeism which is defined as unreported or unscheduled absence from work by an employee who is not on vacation or other documented leave. This target behavior is being addressed because it affects productivity and the overall well-being of the organization, employee morale and the community. The behavior also affects the social responsibility of the individuals who have contracted to work for a specific period of time and should give adequate notice or inform a manager of any absence. Antecedent: Employee shift starts, production line short. Behavior: Employee does not show up for work, does not call. Consequence: Unable to meet production quota and financial obligations. Mr. Smith previous interventions of providing breakfast of coffee and donuts or sharing the company financial perspective, may not have worked because he did not do the adequate research needed to assess the situation and offer a contingency plan that was appealing to the employees, or his overall approach could also not have been appealing to the employees. It is our job as the behavior analysis to help Mr. Smith achieve his goal by selecting target behaviors that are the most directly and functionally related to those goals of his employees. Evidence suggests that the continued absenteeism maybe due to low morale, stress or sheer employee burnout. We hypothesize that after assessing and defining the cause of the absenteeism we will be able to create an intervention plan that will improve attendance, reduce employee burnout and restore the company morale. After gathering data from HR on the persons who are habitual absentees, individual interview was schedule for one on ones to understand the reason and what can be done to assist the employee in restoring their attendance record. For ethical reasons this information will not be shared with HR. Based on the results of the interviews and questionnaires completed by the other staff, we decided that a contingency contract or a behavioral contract would be implemented to restore productivity within the organization. Each employee will have the opportunity to be rewarded for completing their 40 hour work week for 30 minutes of paid time off per week. The company will implement a time card system and HR will judge the time completed and award the time off accordingly, employees do not have to take their time off weekly but may accumulate and take as needed. Additionally, the organization will implement paid sick leave, a daycare reimbursement program, a schedule adjustment for employees need ing time off during the work hours, and a monthly health truck run to ensure staff is mentally and physically fit. To address the morale issue Mr. Smith has agreed to supplement a breakfast and lunch program as well as quarterly picnics. Each person will be given a task sheet to review and sign, this Behavioral contract will take effect the first of the month and the first review will be done a month later. We will be able to assess the success of the program by a decrease in the number of absenteeism and an increase in productivity and production, as well as employee morale. Charts representing the percentage of attendance versus absenteeism will also serve as a visual for performance. If the expected outcome is not obtained, we would reassess and try another strategy such as possibly a token economy system offering which is more tangible and is immediate in occurrence and reinforcements. â€Å"Extinction is the process that weakens behavior† (Miltenberger, 2012), Extinction/Response maintenance is ensuring that the behavior that has been reinforced for a period of time and is no longer reinforced in the future. Measures need to be put in place to maintain the success of behavior that has now become extinct. In Emily’s case the potential issue with extinction is that her tantrums may return but reinforced based on another behavior. According to (Miltenberger, 2012), â€Å"a potential issue with extinction/response maintenance is that behavior often increases in frequency, duration or intensity prior to being extinct and may undergo extinction regardless of positive or negative reinforcement.† CONCLUSION As behavior analysis we were able to determine that Emily and Mr. Smith’s employees did not need to learn a new skill related to behavior. Instead we recognized the need to make changes to their environment and preferences in order to support them and change their behavior. Since Emily experienced such distress when being prepared for school, changes were made in the environment at home and school, and reinforcers were used to encourage a positive outlook for going to school. Mr. Smith’s employees were given opportunities to not only change their attendance habits, but increase company morale and productivity. Despite these apparent drawbacks when creating an intervention plan in a controlled experimental settings, the findings largely supports both hypotheses suggesting that behavioral analysis when used in a scientific method with clearly defined target behavior, the result is an objective and measurable intervention plan. References Cooper, J. H. (2007). Applied behavior analysis. Upper Saddle, NJ: Pearson Education. Miltenberger, R. (2012). Behavior Modification: Principles and Procedures. 5th Edition. In R. Miltenberger, Extinction . Wadsworth.

About Health Care :: essays research papers

ABOUT HEALTH CARE I think there are many causes which have permitted in the last years increase people ´s life expectancy. I consider people are living longer thanks to government policies on public ´s health and due in most part to the great medical and technological advances that have been made in the last decades. Cures and immunizations against many diseases have been found. Research has provided valuable information about the human body and the human mind. Even "miracle" medicines have saved a lot of lives and there are new methods that have been developed to prevent and cure diseases that were unknown and unconceivable some years ago. There are still unanswered questions and unsolved problems, but researchers, doctors, biologists, public health employees and many others are working to answer and solve these questions and problems. No one of us knows how long will it take to find a cure for cancer diseases or a solution to prevent heart diseases, for example; but I think scientists are closer to find a solution. On the other hand, I consider this achievement in people ´s health is partly a result of the activity of many private and public organizations in health all over the world, who have established policies and priorities in order to create personal and environmental health programms, pollution control, policies related to chronic and infectious diseases, a smoke-free society and people ´s education. Finally, I think many important things have been done in medical science which have contributed to people ´s health, so now the live longer than in past times. In many ways, people of all ages and in every race have better health.

Molecular Aspects of Biofilm Essay -- Biology, Cluster of Cells

Almost all bacteria are known to have certain stage of life where they live in form of biofilms. A biofilm is nothing but cluster of cells embedded within a self-produced polymeric matrix and adherent to a living or inert surface (Costerton et al, 1995). Development of biofilm begins with the attachment of planktonic bacteria to a surface, initially through weak and reversible Van der Waals forces and then anchors itself irreversibly by cell adhesion structures such as pili. The primary colonizers facilitate the arrival of other cells by producing polymeric adhesion matrix that also holds the biofilm together (Costerton et al, 1995). In course of colonization and maturation of biofilm, cells communicate via quorum sensing which also leads to phenotypic and genotypic changes in cells (Diggle et al, 2007). This development of biofilm confers bacterial cells higher antibiotic resistant and immunity to environmental insults. Enhanced antibiotic resistance due to biofilm development impo ses increasing concerns in antimicrobial therapy, especially when it comes to biomedical devices associated infections (Donlan, 2001). According to an estimate, contamination of surgical instruments by biofilm increases approximately 1.6 billion dollars in hospital expenditures annually in United States of America (Gupta et al, 2002). Biofilms not only cause nuisance in clinical aspects but they also create a number of serious problems in industrial operations like in fluid processing operations, mechanical blockages, impedance of heat transfer process, and biodeterioration of components of metallic and polymeric systems that results in loss of billions of rupees each year (Rao et al, 1993 and 2009; Fleming, 2002; Boffardi, 2005). Pseudomonas aerugi... ...s censored i.e. some part of sample may lost before the final outcome is speculated or speculation itself is incomplete (Kaplan & Meier, 1958). In KM survival plot, survival probability is measured after certain time periods and between two sampling time points survival probability is assumed to be constant so as an outcome we speculate a series of horizontals steps of survival probability over a period of time (Bland & Altman, 1998). Survival probability was calculated as P=Nt/N. Where P is survival probability, N0 is initial number of cells, Nt is number of viable cells after giving biocide doses at t time. Standard error in P was calculated as SE=√[P(1-p)/N] The upper and lower limit of 95% confidence interval were calculated as =PÂ ±1.96*SE. The upper limit of probability of survival of cells at different doses were taken into account for plotting the graph. Molecular Aspects of Biofilm Essay -- Biology, Cluster of Cells Almost all bacteria are known to have certain stage of life where they live in form of biofilms. A biofilm is nothing but cluster of cells embedded within a self-produced polymeric matrix and adherent to a living or inert surface (Costerton et al, 1995). Development of biofilm begins with the attachment of planktonic bacteria to a surface, initially through weak and reversible Van der Waals forces and then anchors itself irreversibly by cell adhesion structures such as pili. The primary colonizers facilitate the arrival of other cells by producing polymeric adhesion matrix that also holds the biofilm together (Costerton et al, 1995). In course of colonization and maturation of biofilm, cells communicate via quorum sensing which also leads to phenotypic and genotypic changes in cells (Diggle et al, 2007). This development of biofilm confers bacterial cells higher antibiotic resistant and immunity to environmental insults. Enhanced antibiotic resistance due to biofilm development impo ses increasing concerns in antimicrobial therapy, especially when it comes to biomedical devices associated infections (Donlan, 2001). According to an estimate, contamination of surgical instruments by biofilm increases approximately 1.6 billion dollars in hospital expenditures annually in United States of America (Gupta et al, 2002). Biofilms not only cause nuisance in clinical aspects but they also create a number of serious problems in industrial operations like in fluid processing operations, mechanical blockages, impedance of heat transfer process, and biodeterioration of components of metallic and polymeric systems that results in loss of billions of rupees each year (Rao et al, 1993 and 2009; Fleming, 2002; Boffardi, 2005). Pseudomonas aerugi... ...s censored i.e. some part of sample may lost before the final outcome is speculated or speculation itself is incomplete (Kaplan & Meier, 1958). In KM survival plot, survival probability is measured after certain time periods and between two sampling time points survival probability is assumed to be constant so as an outcome we speculate a series of horizontals steps of survival probability over a period of time (Bland & Altman, 1998). Survival probability was calculated as P=Nt/N. Where P is survival probability, N0 is initial number of cells, Nt is number of viable cells after giving biocide doses at t time. Standard error in P was calculated as SE=√[P(1-p)/N] The upper and lower limit of 95% confidence interval were calculated as =PÂ ±1.96*SE. The upper limit of probability of survival of cells at different doses were taken into account for plotting the graph.

Rock n Roll & 20th Century Culture Essay -- essays research papers fc

Rock ‘n’ roll and 20th Century Culture   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to Philip Ennis, rock ‘n’ roll emerged from the convergence of social transformations which resulted from World War II (Ryan 927). Despite its pop culture origins, rock music is arguably one of the strongest cultural factors to develop in this century. Artists such as Lennon, McCartney and Dylan defined the emotions of a generation and, in the last decade, it as even been acknowledged by members of the establishment which it hoped to change as a major influence in the country. In order to understand how rock went from a sign of rebellion to a cultural icon, it is necessary to understand where it came from.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to Albert Murray, the African-American musical tradition is â€Å"fundamentally stoical yet affirmative in spirit† (Star 3). Through the medium of the blues, African-Americans expressed a resilience of spirit which refused to be crippled by either poverty or racism. It is through music that the energies and dexterities of black American life are sounded and expressed (39). For the black culture in this country, the music of Basie or Ellington expressed a â€Å"wideawake, forward-tending† rhythm that one can not only dance to but live by (Star 39).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although he later denied that he ever said it, Sam Phillips-the man who discovered Elvis Presley-is reputed to have said, â€Å"if I could find a white man who had the Negro sound the Negro feel, I could make a billion dollars† (Decurtis 78). Certain radio stations would not play the work of black artists in the segregated America of the 1950s. But, nevertheless, rock ‘n’ roll was an art form created by African-Americans. Little Richard, whose songs â€Å"Tutti Fruitti† and â€Å"Long Tall Sally† became hits only after white-bread versions were made by Pat Boone, said, â€Å"It started out as rhythm and blues† (Decurtis 78).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through Elvis Presley, rock ‘n’ roll changed the face of American music, and influenced a whole generation’s political philosophy. Composer Leonard Berstein once said, â€Å"He introduced the beat to everything and changed everything-music, language, clothes; it’s a whole new social revolution-the 60s come from it† (Wattenberg 6B). To his credit, Elvis embraced rhythm and blues not as a from to be imitated, but as a form to honored and interprete... ...  to American History. New   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  York: Houghton Mifflin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Co. Goodman, Dean. â€Å"Dylan fans get tangled up in academic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  views,† Reuters (1998):   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  February, p. PG. Harris, James F. â€Å"Listen to the music: the meaning of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  classic rock,† The World & I, Vol.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11, 12 Ed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  (1996): December, pp. 306. Ryan, John. â€Å"The Seventh Stream: The emergency of rock n   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  roll in American popular   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  music,† (Book reviews)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Social Forces (1994): March, p. 927. Star, Alexander. â€Å"Hole in Our Soul: The Loss of Beauty and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Meaning in American Popular   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Music† (book reviews) The   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  New Republic, Vol. 210. (1994): May, pp. 39-42. Wattenberg, Daniel. â€Å"Elvis as force for social change has   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  sadly been forgotten,† Rocky   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mountain News. (1997):   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  August, pp. 6B.

Wind energy

Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using: wind turbines to make electricity, windmills for mechanical power, wind pumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships. A large wind farm may consist of several hundred individual wind turbines which are connected to the electric power transmission network. Offshore wind farms can harness more frequent and powerful winds than are available to land-based installations and have less visual impact on the landscape but construction costs are considerably higher.Small onshore wind facilities are used to provide electricity to isolated locations and utility companies increasingly buy back surplus electricity produced by small domestic wind turbines. Although very consistent from year to year, wind power has significant variation over shorter timescales. The intermittency of wind seldom creates problems when used to supply up to 20% of total electricity demand, but as the proportion incre ases, a need to upgrade the grid, and a lowered ability to supplant conventional production can occur.Power management techniques such as having excess capacity storage, dispatch able backing supplies (usually natural gas), storage such as pumped-storage hydroelectricity, exporting and importing power to neighboring areas or reducing demand when wind production is low, can greatly mitigate these problems. Wind power, as an alternative to fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation and uses little land Any effects on the environment are generally less problematic than those from other power sources.As of 2010 wind energy production was over 2. 5% of worldwide power, growing at more than 25% per annum. The overall cost per unit of energy produced is similar to the cost for new coal and natural gas installations. Although wind power is a popular form of energy generation, the construction of wind farms is not u niversally welcomed. Fossil fuels are subsidized by many governments, and wind power and other forms of renewable energy are also often subsidized. For example a 2009 study by the Environmental Law Institute assessed the size and structure of U. S. energy subsidies over the 2002–2008 periods.The study estimated that subsidies to fossil-fuel based sources amounted to approximately $72 billion over this period and subsidies to renewable fuel sources totaled $29 billion. In the United States, the federal government has paid US$74 billion for energy subsidies to support R&D for nuclear power ($50 billion) and fossil fuels ($24 billion) from 1973 to 2003. (Energy subsidies are measures that keep prices for consumers below market levels or for producers above market levels, or reduce costs) During this same timeframe, renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency received a total of US$26 billion.It has been suggested that a subsidy shift would help to level the playing field and support growing energy sectors, namely solar power, wind power, and biofuels. History shows that no energy sector was developed without subsidies. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) (2011) energy subsidies artificially lower the price of energy paid by consumers, raise the price received by producers or lower the cost of production. â€Å"Fossil fuels subsidies costs generally outweigh the benefits.Subsidies to renewables and low-carbon energy technologies can bring long-term economic and environmental benefits†. In November 2011, an IEA report entitled Deploying Renewables 2011 said â€Å"subsidies in green energy technologies that were not yet competitive are justified in order to give an incentive to investing into technologies with clear environmental and energy security benefits†. The IEA's report disagreed with claims that renewable energy technologies are only viable through costly subsidies and not able to produce energy reliably to meet de mand.In the US, the wind power industry has recently increased its lobbying efforts considerably, spending about $5 million in 2009 after years of relative obscurity in Washington. By comparison, the US nuclear industry alone spent over $650 million on its lobbying efforts and campaign contributions during a single ten year period ending in 2008. Following the 2011 Japanese nuclear accidents, Germany's federal government is working on a new plan for increasing energy efficiency and renewable energy commercialization, with a particular focus on offshore wind farms.Under the plan large wind turbines will be erected far away from the coastlines, where the wind blows more consistently than it does on land, and where the enormous turbines won't bother the inhabitants. The plan aims to decrease Germany's dependence on energy derived from coal and nuclear power plants. Commenting on the EU's 2020 renewable energy target, Economist, Professor Dieter Helm, is critical of how the costs of win d power are cited by lobbyists. Helm also says that the problem of intermittent supply will probably lead to another dash-for-gas or dash-for-coal inEurope, possibly with a negative impact on energy security. A House of Lords Select Committee report (2008) on renewable energy in the UK reported a â€Å"concern over the prospective role of wind generated and other intermittent sources of electricity in the UK, in the absence of a break-through in electricity storage technology or the integration of the UK grid with that of continental Europe. Many wind power companies work with local communities to reduce environmental and other concerns associated with particular wind farms. In other cases there is direct community ownership of wind farm projects.Appropriate government consultation, planning and approval procedures also help to minimize environmental risks. Some may still object to wind farms but, according to The Australia Institute, their concerns should be weighed against the ne ed to address the threats posed by climate change and the opinions of the broader community. In America, wind projects are reported to boost local tax bases, helping to pay for schools, roads and hospitals. Wind projects also revitalize the economy of rural communities by providing steady income to farmers and other landowners.In the UK, both the National Trust and the Campaign to Protect Rural England have expressed concerns about the effects on the rural landscape caused by inappropriately sited wind turbines and wind farms. Some wind farms have become tourist attractions. The White lee Wind Farm Visitor Centre has an exhibition room, a learning hub, a cafe with a viewing deck and also a shop. It is run by the Glasgow Science Centre. In Denmark, a loss-of-value scheme gives people the right to claim compensation for loss of value of their property if it is caused by proximity to a wind turbine.The loss must be at least 1% of the property’s value. There have been numerous re ports of those living close to wind turbines suffering adverse health effects from noise, vibration and shadow flicker, and in 2009 New York Pediatrician, Dr. Nina Pierpont, claimed to have identified an effect for which she coined the term â€Å"Wind Turbine Syndrome†. An industry commissioned review of the current research on the possible health effects of wind turbine noise and vibration reported in 2010 that, â€Å"the sound (including sub audible sound) is not unique, and does not pose a risk to human health.Although the sound may cause ‘annoyance’ for some people, this in itself is not an adverse health effect. † The findings of the report have, however, been questioned on a number of grounds including; that the reviewing group did not include an epidemiologist, usually a given for assessing potential environmental health hazards, and that there was no clear description of the methods the researchers used to search for available research, nor how the y rated the quality of the research. In October 2010 The Society for Wind Vigilance held an international symposium concerning the subject.A study on wind farm noise published in 2012 by The US state of Massachusetts reported that people are annoyed by sound from wind turbines at far lower sound levels than they are by noises from railroads, aircraft, or road traffic. The study found the percentage of respondents who found noise levels highly annoying rose quickly as sound levels increased above about 37dbA (about the level of a conversation). Wind Power Is A very good resource for energy I think that everybody should use win power in the future

Analyse an parfume advertisement and discuss the imagery it contains

Analyse an advertisement and discuss the imagery it contains. Evaluate the success of the advertisers approach and give reasons for your opinions. How would you adapt the advertisement to make it suitable for different target audience? Explain your approach using semiotics. The purpose of advertising is to inform potential customers about products and services and how to obtain them. Every medium is used to show these advertisements, including television, radio, movies, magazines, newspapers, video games, the Internet and billboards. Semiotics is how we view advertisements all the time and notice all of the detail. Ferdinand de Saussure used his theory of signs and semiotics to explore and analyse specific adverts. We can evaluate how well adapted it is to its target audience. In 1974 Ferdinand de Saussure claimed, â€Å"Only a social group can generate signs.† In order to create imagery, the advertiser has used deep rich colour of dark blue to attract the consumer's attention to the perfume as this gives the impression of a seductive fragrance. The whole advert gives the impression of the night and this then shows lust as it is dark. The advertiser has been successful by using a dark colour as the main colour for the advert as dark colours create a sense of sexual activity in the dark. The perfume bottle, for which this advert is for, is used to create the imagery of the moon in the sky as it is shaped like a half moon. It gives the idea to the audience that the perfume is sensual as it is shining light onto the women's chest and she is posed in a sexual way with eyes closed and a hand on her neck. This imagery appeals to the consumer as it suggests that the perfume will make one become sensuous once wearing it. The words, ‘Deep Night' are used on the advert. These words are used to create an imagery of sexual activity and using the word ‘night' makes the audience think of things happening in the night for example sex. The advertiser is not very successful and this is because not many readers will look at the words and then interpret it in this way. Instead of focusing on the words, the reader then focuses on the model. The words, ‘The fragrance of love' are used on the advert. This shows this perfume is the perfume of love, and so by buying it, this perfume can bring you love. This phrase is easily interpreted by the audience and so this makes the advertisers approach successful. Also the fact that this particular perfume is love bound for the audience is showed by the advertiser using the words ‘the fragrance of love'. The model on the advert has her hand by her breasts. This reveals a lust for sex and a plea for men to buy the fragrance for their woman so they can engage in sexual activity aswell. The advertiser was successful by this approach and this is shown by the advert promoting sexual activity. The models top in the advert is very revealing to the audience and her breasts are clearly shown. The advertiser has used this revealing top to get attention by males so -this makes the male think their wife can reveal this top by them buying this perfume for their wife. The advertiser was successful in his attempt to promote sexual activity and this is proven by the models revealing top. The model on the advert has her mouth open and the advertiser shows sexual activity by this. The advertiser was successful by showing a lust for sex and this is shown by the models open mouth. By making the model have her mouth open slightly, it creates a sense of sexual activity and makes the buyer want it even more. The word, ‘ghost' is used on the advert. This creates a dark image by thinking of ghosts. When anyone thinks of ghosts they think of the night. The advertiser has done what he aimed for by using the word, ‘ghost'. The advertiser was successful by using the word, ‘ghost'; this is because a dark imagery is created by this. The audience can easily interpret ‘ghost' as it is there to put a dark atmosphere in our heads. This advertisement can be adapted to a different target audience to women who are in their mid-thirties. The women would wear a suit and to show she's a businessman which then shows control. Her breasts would only be concealed a bit to show maturity but still keep the seductiveness on a level. I would keep the colour purple because its do with passion. I would keep the models mouth slightly open to show a lust for sex still in there. I would keep the moon shaped perfume the same as it creates a dark atmosphere. In conclusion I think the advertiser has done very well to get his ideas out to the audience and this can be proven by various reasons. The advertiser has used dark colours all over the advert and used a moon as a shape for the perfume bottle. He also used different words to give the audience a dark image and these words make them want to buy this fragrance. The advertiser uses the model to create a sexy image in the advert and this is done by short tops and her mouth being open slightly.

Online Therapy Essay

Little by little the internet and technology are expanding to incorporate more aspects of our daily lives. The expansion is so vast, one can now do Just about anything online. On line advances has no doubt positively contributed to businesses, education, communication, and quality of life in general, but when does one draw the line? Healthcare is a very serious subject because it deals with people’s lives and well being. Potential problems that may arise from it are not monetary, like those involved with losing a Job or failing a school course, but deal with lives and people’s weakest and perhaps most uncontrollable side of life. Psychological disorders usually arise from events and sources not under the control of patients. Unlike purchasing the wrong stock at the wrong time or having an unsuccessful online business presentation, depression, addiction, phobias, and other psychological disorders are delicate matters that are not a result of bad decision making, however, much like every service the internet offers us, cyber psychology does have its advantages and disadvantages. Disadvantages and Solutions: The first glaring disadvantage is the loss of essential elements with the lack of face to face interactions. The fact that psychology is the study of behavior, it is imperative for a therapist to get a grasp on the patients’ complete behavior, which includes, but is not limited to, facial movements and body movements, tone of voice, posture, and appearance. To fully understand a client, a therapist must be able to be privvy to this side of the individuals’ personality to accurately diagnose and ultimately heal a problem or disorder. One way to solve this disadvantage could be for the therapist to request an initial face-to-face assessment that can then be followed by online treatments of various sorts. This enhances the screening process and leaves no room for misinterpretation or misdiagnosis that can arise from lack of personal interaction. Also, for cases or procedures involving video conferencing and webcam interactions, it is crutial for websites to continue to improve the video quality to avoid missing any words or movements that may be crucial to analyzing behaviors. Maybe once video conferencing is perfected, it will increase the validity of such therapeutic media and allow it to replace the need for an initial in person interaction. A second concern involved with web therapy is security. We are surrounded by warning signs oncerning various web securities, including scams, hacks, and phishing sites. In the past, we have seen many cases serious enough to make it to the news to increase awareness and warn people of the seriousness of certain situations. It is almost possible for hackers to invade most sites and this compromises the privacy of patients’ personal and diagnostic information. Also, confirming the validity of particular sites may be hard on some people since scam sites go into extreme measures to mimic credible sites. The fact that most on-line therapies require payment in advance, may seem tempting for people who make a living from online camming. Another potential leak in privacy may unintentionally arise from the clients themselves; the use of public computers or implying improper security features and practices to ones personal computer. To counteract security problems, websites are constantly working on maintain security and privacy. It is important for releasing financial or personal and emotional information. Psychologists are required to practice therapy in state(s) of which they are licensed for practice. Cyber therapy offers ways to go around that law. A patient, for example, may claim different residence to receive treatment from a particular therapist of agency. Also, since the world wide web spreads, well, worldwide, there’s a chance that some of the sites are run internationally and this may give rise to cultural disconnect problems from misunderstanding situations, actions, and settings. Proper monitoring should be implemented on cyber therapy websites to avoid such breaches and complications. Advantages of Online Therapy: There are several advantages associates with online therapy. Time is something that seems to be becoming more scarce and harder to manage. Finding a service that can be molded around one’s schedule, convenience, or from the privacy of ones ome is important to many people in todays fast paced way of life. Online therapy also offers a geographic advantage for people living in rural areas or people with transportation limitations. In addition, people with physical disabilities may now have an easier method of behavior therapy that does not interfere with their health issues. Finally, a very crucial advantage is financial. Online therapy makes it cheaper and thus easier to receive mental health therapy. Because of the lack of an office or facilities, transportation expenses, and the availability of different program levels to hoose from, therapy became an attainable thing and a cry for help that was heard by cyber space. The options of sending an email or having a telephone therapy session gives many benefits with the elimination of extended time charges and various office visit associated expenses. Websites Offering Online Therapy: The Online Therapy Institute is a website designated primarily for therapist seeking to introduce online therapy as an option to their practice. It offers intensive information about how to set up an online therapy site and what the rules and regulations are and general guidelines to follow to provide proper therapeutic echniques. It also assists therapists in the initial stages and provides a reference for any upcoming issues. E-Therapists Online provides services for patients seeking online therapy via e- mail, private chats, and phone counseling. It provides clear instructions on how to begin therapy and also price guideline. Payment is due prior to therapy. For example, an e-mail session costs $39. 95 and 4 e-mail sessions cost $149. 00. Telephone or chats cost $95. 00 for 60 minutes and $623. 00 for 7 – 60 minute chats or calls. Headworks is another website similar to e-therapists online. In addition to the ervices that e-therapists online provides, they offer free self-help information and customized services. Conclusion: Online therapy definitely has its advantages, but it should also be handled carefully. Not all cases of mental health should be able to be treated via cyber psychotherapy because some are much more complicated and need in person therapy. Once this service is solidified, this service will be more ideal for people who are in need of minor therapy, interaction with people, behavioral help, and guidelines in life but are unable to do face-to-face therapy for geographical or financial constrains.

Personal Curriculum/Educational Philosophy Statement Essay

In this paper I have written regarding my educational philosophy. It answers the questions: Why I teach? Also indicating what personal philosophies I follow. How I teach? Which states the approach towards curriculum that I believe in. Lastly, What I teach? Which connects more to my personal belief in the classroom. Teaching is not for everyone but when you love what you do, it can be a rewarding and exciting profession. My philosophy as a teacher has always been to preserve the idea that the young minds sitting before me are the future citizens of our community. I see my responsibility as a guide to my students so that they may grow towards the development of their own independence and success with good judgement, patience, and vision as they become the leaders of our next generation. I feel that it is the responsibility of the teacher to get to know everyone of their students, their weaknesses and their strengths. It’s also important to build a personal trust. This trust leads to a successful mentorship with the learner. My approach towards education and curriculum is one that is less rigid and technical. I prefer one that is humanistic. This approach includes lessons based on life experiences, group games, group projects, artistic endeavors, dramatizations, field trips, social enterprises, learning and interest centers, and homework and tutoring stations ( or corners). These activities include creative problem solving and active student participation. They emphasize socialization and life adjustment for students, as well as stronger family ties and school – community ties (Ornstein & Hunkins, 2013, p. 7). I feel that that in education more than one personal educational philosophy is required. A teacher needs to discover what philosophy or philosophies work in today’s classroom. This needs to be dependent upon the teacher and on today’s society. Times are constantly changing and evolving. I incorporate essentialism, perennialism, and progressivism, with a bit of realism and idealism to challenge my students as individuals and productive members of society. In all, I aim to educate my students, to cultivate intellect, to promote the intellectual growth of the individual, to educate the competent person, and to promote democratic social living (2013, p. 48). The starting point in curriculum is also your philosophy. In realism, realists view the world in terms of objects and matter (2013, p. 32). In idealism, learning is a primarily intellectual process that involves recalling and working with ideas (2013, p. 31). People can come to know the world through their senses and their reason. The goal for my students is to have complimenting dimensions, a strong individualistic nature that works and plays well with other members of society. My educational philosophy aligns with the philosophy of both my personal and professional life. It affects my attitude, influences my decisions, and directs my missions with others. My impact on youth through my years of teaching has proven to be successful; subsequently, I believe my philosophy is a successful â€Å"formula. † I look forward to molding well-rounded young adults that can perform in any situation under any circumstances. I believe the impact that I have made within the educational community, and look forward toward opportunities to continue to make in this area, is that of good judgement, patience, and vision that at one time other adults taught to me.

4 Personality Types Taught by Angels

The four personality types taught by angels are different because each person has different personality, personality, character, ability, sensibility, so that each person succeeds. Therefore, successful methods can be widespread, but you need to consider the rules of success depending on the type of different personality. However, many authors of books on How to Succeed will create success rules only based on the type of personality. If a person has the same personality type as the author of How to Succeed, that person may like the successful way of that author. Have you heard that someone is a person of type A? Have you ever thought what they mean? In fact, there are four different personality types that fall into the main categories. They are called type A, B, C, D. Each personality type has specific features and characteristics that distinguish it from other types. People of personality type A tend to concentrate on competition. They like to attain greatness and they do not like i t when they need to spend a lot of time to experience success. People with this character often tackle multiple projects at the same time in many cases. Because, in most cases, it needs to be seen as a winner. They sometimes feel unsafe. Especially, in order not to be regarded as a success and to have the opportunity to achieve the goal quickly, we will go to a breakthrough on a regular basis. The four personality types taught by angels are different because each person has different personality, personality, character, ability, sensibility, so that each person succeeds. Therefore, successful methods can be widespread, but you need to consider the rules of success depending on the type of different personality. However, many authors of books on How to Succeed will create success rules only based on the type of personality. If a person has the same personality type as the author of How to Succeed, that person may like the successful way of that author. When you know what you are look ing for, there are four easy-to-find consumers. There are six types of fiscal expenditure, combined with four personality types, you can use a powerful collection tool as a collector. As a good collector tells you, knowledge is the most powerful tool in the collection. Analysis of collections and sales Consumers look for facts and data. People with this type of personality will study facilities before they touch. They are not those who decide to pay the debt. They may first check the debt to the customer or insurance department. Prior to making a decision or deciding a decision, we will focus on validating information and selecting it.

TPM components, TPM keys Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TPM components, TPM keys - Research Paper Example Attestation on the other hand is a verification process of the computer’s trustworthiness and determining if it has been breached or not. Other devices such as network equipment and mobile phones can be computed using TPMs (Trusted Computing Group, 2012). In summary, the TPM has four main functions which include platform monitoring, secure storage, encryption operations and authentication services (Hewitt, 2006). Operations on sensitive data can only take place in special locations, called shielded locations, which must be incorporated in the TPM. It should be impossible for user programs to access these locations. Protected capabilities are the set of commands which one can use to access the shielded locations. This set of commands protect the shielded locations and report integrity measurements at the same time. The TPM has several major components which are illustrated in the following diagram. TPM COMPONENTS The SecureI/O component It is a control component that manages th e TPM’s information flow to the outside and also controls and routes internal signals (Hewitt, p.3). The I/O encodes and decodes the information passing over the internal and external buses (Gunupudi, p.11). The Cryptographic Co-Processor This is a major subdivision of the TPM containing various cryptographic engines. The RSA key generator, RSA encryption/decryption and SHA-1 engine must be included in its functionality (Microsoft 2012). Other asymmetric algorithms such as DSA or elliptic curve, are allowed by the specification. The strength of 2048 bit RSA key should be the threshold of all storage and identity keys as this is enough to offer sufficient protection from malicious access. Digital signatures and encryptions are made using the RSA algorithm. If RSA encryption is not used when a signing is done within the TPM, it stands the risk of being rejected by other TPM devices. The engine must support key sizes ranging from 512,768, 1024 and 2048 bits. The minimum recommen ded size is 2048 bits. The specified public exponent of RSA is (2raised to 16 +1). The SHA-1 engine requires 160-bit keys and provides the primary hash algorithm used by the TPM. The implementations of the HMAC engine are dictated in RFC 2104. It involves turning a keyless hash function in to a keyed hash by incorporating a cryptographic key. This will allow the chip to detect proof of knowledge of Auth Data and also ensure that authorized incoming requests have not been tampered with (Hewitt, p.4). The TPM also uses the symmetric encryption algorithm internally because they cannot have user-accessible interfaces. They are used in encrypting internal data that was fed in to the TPM from an outside source and encrypting authentication exchanges. Other algorithms such as AES are allowed by the specification depending on the sufficiency preference of the implementer (Hewitt, p.5). The Key Generator It’s a protected capability function that manages the generation of keys and nonc e (Gunupudi, p.12). The keys generated are used for encryption.The specification of the key generator is not strict. It however emphasizes that data that has existed in a non-protected location as a key should not be used. The specification also requires that all nonces be from the TPM’s Random Number Generator (Hewitt, p.5). The Random Number Generator It’s the source of entropy in the TPM (Gunupudi, p.12). It consists of a post-processor with a hashing

Fraud, Murder and Bribery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fraud, Murder and Bribery - Essay Example The other fundamental questions have been should American firms engage in these practices while in business abroad? This is because firms’ ability to effectively compete in the global economy has been affected mainly by these unethical practices. It is not proper to engage in unethical business practices even if a firm is in countries where their practices are tolerated. Ethical decision-making is important to the success of any Company. Some business decisions are easy and obvious to make; others are not. When a firm is faced with a tough situation, asking various operational questions can help them make the correct ethical decisions. Likewise, it is essential for firms to obey the spirit and letter of the laws within and out of the country at all times. Furthermore, wherever they live or work, they should respect the values that are ethical to protect their reputation both at home and abroad. Every country where they operate or do business has their own laws, regulations, and culture. Many times there are significant deviations from one place to another or between regions. However, no matter where a firm works, they sho, and be all responsible for respecting all applicable laws and do business in the most ethical manner. However, firms in America are not allowed by law to engage in these unethical practices. Despite the desire of a particular firm to engage in such practices, they are prohibited by the law. It is in public domain that the United States firms, unlike in many other countries around the world, has to contend with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977 that tries to address the issue of unethical business practices such as bribery for U.S. companies (Loughman & Sibery,2012).  

Titanium Metal Matrix Composites Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Titanium Metal Matrix Composites - Essay Example The metals which are usually used are Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium and Copper. In case of titanium metal matrix composite the principal metal used is titanium. Hence the metal matrix composite is Titanium metal matrix composite. In the MMC the metal is the monolithic material into which the reinforcement is embedded and it is completely continuous. The reinforcement can be continuous which can be monofilament or multifilament or it can be discontinuous which can be a particle, whisker or short fiber. They have lot of applications in commercial workspace. Metal-matrix composites are either in use or prototyping for the Space Shuttle, commercial airliners, electronic substrates, bicycles, automobiles, golf clubs, and a variety of other applications. It is widely perceived that Titanium Metal Composites have lot of potential in space propulsion applications. If we look at Titanium and its alloys we can say that they have good corrosion resistance, fatigue properties, and high strength- to-weight ratios. Products differ in terms of composition, grade, shape, dimensions, and features. Commercially pure, unalloyed or very low alloy titanium does not contain or contains only very small amounts of alloying elements. By contrast, titanium alloys contain significant amounts of added elements or constituents. Clad or bimetal titanium alloys consist of two different alloys that are bonded integrally together. Metal matrix composites have a composite or reinforced metal or alloy matrix filled with a second component, which may be in particulate, chopped fiber, continuous filament, or fabric form. Other unlisted, specialty or proprietary titanium and titanium alloys are also available. These materials are often based on a unique alloy system, use a novel processing technology, or have properties tailored for specific applications. While selecting titanium and titanium alloys, we also need to check an analysis of dimensions, production processes, and performance features. Outer diameter, inner diameter, overall length, and overall thickness are important dimensions. Most materials are cast, wrought, extruded, forged, cold-finished, hot-rolled, or formed by compacting powdered metals or alloys. Performance features for titanium and titanium alloys include resistance to corrosion, heat, and wear. Ti MMCs offer provide potential advantages for structural applications, where they combine the high strength, high temperature capability, and oxidation resistance of titanium with an increase in stiffness provided by the ceramic reinforcement. Another thing is that they have the advantage of being isotropic in behavior, cheaper to manufacture and more amenable to subsequent processing and component forming operations. Of all the potential reinforcing phases for titanium which includes TiB, TiB2, SiC, Al2O3, and TiC, TiB offers the best balance of stiffness, stability, and similarity of thermal expansion coefficients. Other properties, such as the strength of metal matrix composites, depend in a much more complex manner on composite microstructure. The strength of a fiber-reinforced composite, for example, is determined by fracture processes, themselves governed by a combination of micro structural phenomena and features. These include plastic deformation of the matrix, the presence of brittle phases in the matrix, the